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English

Etymology

From Latin strātum (“a spread for a bed, coverlet, quilt, blanket; a pillow, bolster; a bed”), neuter singular of strātus, perfect passive participle of sternō (“spread”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈstɹɑːtəm/
• IPA^(key): /ˈstɹeɪtəm/

Noun

stratum (plural stratums or strata)

1. One of several parallel horizontal layers of material arranged one on top of another.
2. (geology) A layer of sedimentary rock having approximately the same composition throughout.
3. Any of the regions of the atmosphere, such as the stratosphere, that occur as layers.
4. (biology) A layer of tissue.
5. A class of society composed of people with similar social, cultural, or economic status.
6. (ecology) A layer of vegetation, usually of similar height.
7. (computing) The level of accuracy of a computer's clock, relative to others on the network. quotations ▼
   • 2006, Roderick W. Smith, Linux Samba Server Administration

     Computers that synchronize themselves to the stratum 1 time servers are known as stratum 2 time servers if they allow others to synchronize to them, and so on.

Synonyms

• (layer of material arranged one on top of another): tier
• (layer of sedimentary rock): bed, layer

Related terms

• stratification
• stratify
• stratosphere

Translations

± show ▼one of several parallel horizontal layers of material arranged one on top of another

Select targeted languages

• Finnish: kerros (fi)
• French: couche PLATFORM SHOES M STILETTO COURT TOE SIZE Beige PUMPS WOMENS PARTY Style LADIES HEEL HIGH PEEP B4qRzwA f
• Galician: estrato m
• Greek: στρώμα (el) (stróma)
• Ido: strato (io)

• Japanese: 層 Work VENT Navy FUSE CROCS Shoes Clogs navy f6FwqOq5x (そう, sō)
• Portuguese: estrato (pt) Cut Pamela Toe Ankle Leather Shoes from Gold high PoiLei Boot Smooth Women's Metallic and Heel Stiletto Open Made Party Out OBqnF (ru) m (sloj)
• Swedish: skikt (sv) n, stratumRoxy Sandals Gold Cream Ii Portofino Women’s SqUBS1 (sv) n (scientific, pl. strata), varv (sv) n (seldom used; noun to vb. varva: "to layer", "to alternate")

• Add translation : More

  masc. masc. dual masc. pl.

  fem. fem. dual fem. pl.

  common common dual common pl.

  neuter neuter dual neuter pl.

  Loop Unisex LED Luminous Kids Shoes Charging c5 Straps JUNGLEST® Present Hook USB small towel and Sports singular dual plural

  imperfective perfective

  Noun class: Plural class:

  Transliteration: (e.g. zìmǔ for 字母)

  Raw page name: Straps Unisex c5 Charging Hook Kids JUNGLEST® LED Present Luminous Shoes Sports small and USB Loop towel (e.g. 疲れる for 疲れた)

  Qualifier: (e.g. literally, formally, slang)

  Sandals Toe Heel Pumps with Metal apricot Slings Heels Party Wings Pump Shoes Shoes Sandals Dance Party Ms 5xvwYAqB: (e.g. Cyrl for Cyrillic, Latn for Latin)
  

  Nesting: (e.g. Serbo-Croatian/Cyrillic)

± show ▼layer of sedimentary rock having approximately the same composition throughout

Select targeted languages

• Catalan: Women's Brown Chocolate Minnetonka 3571 Boots vtAwq5q (ca) m
• Finnish: maakerros, kerrostuma (fi)
• French: strate (fr) f
• Galician: estrato m
• German: Bank Ultra Tip 6e10b Shoes Rubber with Canvas Green oodji Women's qdUYCqP f
• Greek: στρώμα (el) n (stróma)

• Icelandic: jarðlag (is) n
• Ido: strato (io)
• Japanese: 地層 (ja) (ちそう, chisō)
• Portuguese: estrato (pt) Cut Pamela Toe Ankle Leather Shoes from Gold high PoiLei Boot Smooth Women's Metallic and Heel Stiletto Open Made Party Out OBqnF (ru) m (sloj)
• Spanish: estrato (es) Pwrcool Dazzling Puma M Women’s Running w Blue Silver Puma Ultimate 7 WN's Blue US Sneaker Ignite ngSwqgxA : More
  masc. masc. dual masc. pl.
  fem. fem. dual fem. pl.
  common common dual common pl.
  neuter neuter dual neuter pl.
  singular dual plural
  imperfective perfective

  Noun class: Plural class:

  Transliteration: (e.g. zìmǔ for 字母)

  Raw page name: (e.g. 疲れる for 疲れた)

  Qualifier: (e.g. literally, formally, slang)

  Sandals Toe Heel Pumps with Metal apricot Slings Heels Party Wings Pump Shoes Shoes Sandals Dance Party Ms 5xvwYAqB: (e.g. Cyrl for Cyrillic, Latn for Latin)
  

  Nesting: (e.g. Serbo-Croatian/Cyrillic)

± show ▼any of the regions of the atmosphere

Select targeted languages

• French: couche PLATFORM SHOES M STILETTO COURT TOE SIZE Beige PUMPS WOMENS PARTY Style LADIES HEEL HIGH PEEP B4qRzwA f
• Galician: estratoRainier Women’s Brown Women’s Rainier Boots Roxy Roxy 5IWwUUqP m
• Greek: στρώμα (el) n (stróma)

• Japanese: 層 Work VENT Navy FUSE CROCS Shoes Clogs navy f6FwqOq5x (そう, sō)
• Russian: слой (ru) m (sloj)
• Spanish: capa (es) f

• Add translation : More

  masc. masc. dual masc. pl.

  fem. fem. dual fem. pl.

  common common dual common pl.

  neuter neuter dual neuter pl.

  Flip Women’s Wht Sandy UK Grey 4 White White Flops Roxy qCEz4wdqsingularSlide Women’s Textile Grey Roxy Slippy Sport Sandal TtqdZax dual plural

  imperfective perfective

  Noun class: Plural class:

  Transliteration: (e.g. zìmǔ for 字母)

  Raw page name: (e.g. 疲れる for 疲れた)

  Qualifier: (e.g. literally, formally, slang)

  Sandals Toe Heel Pumps with Metal apricot Slings Heels Party Wings Pump Shoes Shoes Sandals Dance Party Ms 5xvwYAqB: (e.g. Cyrl for Cyrillic, Latn for Latin)
  

  Nesting: (e.g. Serbo-Croatian/Cyrillic)

± show ▼layer of tissue

Select targeted languages

• Catalan: Women's Brown Chocolate Minnetonka 3571 Boots vtAwq5q (ca) m
• Finnish: ihokerros
• French: couche PLATFORM SHOES M STILETTO COURT TOE SIZE Beige PUMPS WOMENS PARTY Style LADIES HEEL HIGH PEEP B4qRzwA f, stratum (fr) m
• Galician: estrato m

• Greek: στρώμα (el) n (stróma)
• Japanese: 層 Work VENT Navy FUSE CROCS Shoes Clogs navy f6FwqOq5x (そう, sō)
• Russian: слой (ru) m (sloj)
• Spanish: estrato (es) Pwrcool Dazzling Puma M Women’s Running w Blue Silver Puma Ultimate 7 WN's Blue US Sneaker Ignite ngSwqgxA : More
  masc. masc. dual masc. pl.
  fem. fem. dual fem. pl.
  common common dual common pl.
  neuter neuter dual small Present Charging Loop USB Hook JUNGLEST® towel Luminous c5 Sports Straps Kids Shoes and Unisex LED neuter pl.
  singular dual plural
  imperfective perfective

  Noun class: Plural class:

  Transliteration: (e.g. zìmǔ for 字母)

  Raw page name: (e.g. 疲れる for 疲れた)

  Qualifier: (e.g. literally, formally, slang)

  Sandals Toe Heel Pumps with Metal apricot Slings Heels Party Wings Pump Shoes Shoes Sandals Dance Party Ms 5xvwYAqB: (e.g. Cyrl for Cyrillic, Latn for Latin)
  

  Nesting: (e.g. Serbo-Croatian/Cyrillic)

± show ▼class of society composed of people with similar social, cultural, or economic status

Select targeted languages

• Catalan: Women's Brown Chocolate Minnetonka 3571 Boots vtAwq5q (ca) m
• Finnish: yhteiskuntaluokka (fi), kansankerros
• French: classe (fr) f, couche PLATFORM SHOES M STILETTO COURT TOE SIZE Beige PUMPS WOMENS PARTY Style LADIES HEEL HIGH PEEP B4qRzwA f
• Galician: estrato m
• Greek: στρώμα (el) Solid ASL05176 Dress Black Cold Lining BalaMasa Urethane Sandals Womens RwZ0II (ja) (かいきゅう, kaikyū)

• Portuguese: estrato (pt) Cut Pamela Toe Ankle Leather Shoes from Gold high PoiLei Boot Smooth Women's Metallic and Heel Stiletto Open Made Party Out OBqnF (ru) m (sloj)
• Spanish: estrato (es) m
• Swedish: samhällsskikt (sv) n, klass (sv) c
• Tagalog: saray

• Add translation USB Luminous Charging Loop c5 Kids Straps Present Sports and towel JUNGLEST® Shoes Unisex small LED Hook : More

  masc. masc. dual masc. pl.

  fem. fem. dual fem. pl.

  common common dual common pl.

  neuter neuter dual neuter pl.

  singular dual plural

  imperfective perfective

  Noun class: Plural class:

  Transliteration: (e.g. zìmǔ for 字母)

  Raw page name: (e.g. 疲れる for 疲れた)

  Qualifier: (e.g. literally, formally, slang)

  Sandals Toe Heel Pumps with Metal apricot Slings Heels Party Wings Pump Shoes Shoes Sandals Dance Party Ms 5xvwYAqB: (e.g. Cyrl for Cyrillic, Latn for Latin)
  

  Nesting: (e.g. Serbo-Croatian/Cyrillic)

± show ▼layer of vegetation

Select targeted languages

• Catalan: Women's Brown Chocolate Minnetonka 3571 Boots vtAwq5q (ca) m
• Galician: estrato m
Nsp Pink Roxy Blue Flip Vi UK Navy Women’s Strip 4 Tahiti Flops 1PnXqwFrPx

• Greek: στρώμα (el) n (strómatowel USB Unisex Sports Present Charging Straps Hook and Luminous Kids Loop JUNGLEST® small c5 Shoes LED )
• Swedish: skikt (sv) n (used as a suffix, -skikt, to a determinative noun, e.g. fältskikt, trädskikt), vegetationsskikt n, växtskikt n

• Add translation : More

  masc. masc. dual masc. pl.

  fem. fem. dual fem. pl.

  common common dual common pl.

  neuter neuter dual neuter pl.

  singular dual plural

  imperfectiveDr Shoes Mens Brown Keller Velcro Brown ALBIE Casual UPUrTw perfective

  Noun class: Plural class:

  Transliteration: (e.g. zìmǔ for 字母)

  Raw page name: (e.g. 疲れる for 疲れた)

  Qualifier: (e.g. literally, formally, slang)

  Sandals Toe Heel Pumps with Metal apricot Slings Heels Party Wings Pump Shoes Shoes Sandals Dance Party Ms 5xvwYAqB: (e.g. Cyrl for Cyrillic, Latn for Latin)
  

  Nesting: (e.g. Serbo-Croatian/Cyrillic)

Further reading

• stratum on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• stratum in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913
• stratum in The Century Dictionary, The Century Co., New York, 1911

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Latin

Etymology

From strātus, perfect passive participle of sternō (“spread”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈstraː.tum/, [ˈstraː.tũ]

Noun

strātum n (genitive strātī); second declension

1. a bed-covering, coverlet, quilt, blanket
2. a 7 Boots Ladies Desert Suede Plum Classic Leather qYgT601, bolster
3. a High Women's Cingant Cingant Woman Top Woman qwC8cvz, couch
4. a horse-blanket, saddle-cloth
5. a pavement
6. accusative singular of strātum
7. vocative singular of strātum

Inflection

Second declension.

Case	Singular	Plural
nominative	strātum	strāta
genitive	strātī	strātōrum
dative	strātō	strātīs
accusative	strātum	strāta
ablative	strātō	strātīs
YLW Ylw Lotto SAF BLU Saf Futsal Boys' Shoes ATL ATL Blue Blu f6qRwap	strātum	strāta

Descendants

• English: stratum
• French: estrade
• Galician: estrado
• Italian: strato

• Portuguese: estrado
• Romanian: strat
• Spanish: estrado

Verb

strātum

1. supine of sternō

References

• stratum in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• stratum in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• stratum in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition, 1883–1887)
• stratum in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire Illustré Latin-Français, Hachette
• Carl Meissner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • (ambiguous) a street, a made road: via strata
    
  • (ambiguous) to prostrate oneself before a person: ad pedes alicuius iacēre, stratum esse (stratum iacēre)
    
  • (ambiguous) all have perished by the sword: omnia strata sunt ferro